The Instrinsic of the novel "Tom Sawyer"

Chapter One
Preface

I.1 Background

Basically human is social creature. Everybody can stand alone; surely they need the other people to help each other. So, it can summarized that human is not individual creature. Human talk, writes, and gesture all human lives to communicate with others. All of human are language users and, though unaware of it, language-makers, virtually from birth to death. More than any other tools, language enables us to behave properly as human beings as language characterizes and differentiates human beings from other creatures in this world.

Language is communication devices, by language we can communicate to the other. Using language is not only for communication but also for all importance. Using language is not limited. Some people use language for entertain such as poetry, drama, novel, etc.

We use language in our daily lives for almost every purpose. We learn language from our mother since we are babies, teenage to adult it is the language we comprehend that is termed mother tongue, our first language. When a child begins to be introduced to the schooling world, he/she will find different language used by his/her teacher in classroom interactions. In their school the students will learn second language used in their study, such as; writing a letter, having conversation with other, that is different from their mother tongue.

Poetry, drama, and novel above include part of literature. So, in this opportunity writer would like to analysis the intrinsic novel of “Tom Sawyer” by Mark Twain. As we know novel is a part of literature that has relevant which using language.


I.2 Research Question

In doing the research, the writer states the problem she is going to investigate. So, the writer put one question to explain the content of discussion later.
1) How the intrinsic of novel Tom Sawyer?

I.3 the Aim of Research

1) To know the intrinsic of novel Tom Sawyer

I.4 Method of Research

The writer uses several strategies to collecting data.
1) Read novel Tom Sawyer
2) Find out the intrinsic of Tom Sawyer

I.5 Paper Systematic

Preface
Content List
Chapter One Introduction
I.1 Background
I.2 Research Question
I.3 the Aim of Research
I.4 Method of Research
I.5 Paper Systematic
Chapter Two Theoretical Foundation
Chapter Three Discussion
Chapter Four Conclusion
Bibliography


Chapter Two
Theoretical Foundation

The Meaning of Novel

Novel is narrative text informing of prose with a long shape that including some figures and fiction event. According to Sumardjo, novel is a story with the prose form in long shape, this long shape means the story including the complex plot, many character and various setting (1998:29).

The Intrinsic Elements

The intrinsic elements in a novel are element that directly contribute build the story (B Nurgiyantoro 2003:23). The intrinsic elements are plot, setting characterization, message, point of view, style of writing and theme.

- Plot
According to Forster, plot is events in story that has pressure to causal relationship (1970:93). According to Stanton (1965:14) is story that contents sequence event but every event connected by causal relationship, one event cause or caused to the other events.

- Setting
Setting is place; time and social condition that become place for figures do and affected an event (B. Nurgiyantoro, 2000:75) setting will influence the action and way of thought of figures.

- Characterization
Figures that showed in a narrative work, or drama that by reader meaning have moral quality and certain tendency that expressed in utterance and action (Abrams 1981:80) called characterization.



- Point of View
Point of view is way and or opinion that used author as medium to present figures, action, setting and some events that make a story in fiction work to reader (Abrams 1981:142)

- Style of Writing
Is way of pronunciation of language in prose or how an author expressing a thing which will suggest (Abrams 190-1). According to Leech and Short, Style is the way of using language in certain context by certain author for certain purpose (1981:59).

- Theme
According to Stanton (1965:88) and Kenny (1966:20) theme is meaning that contained by a story.

- Message
Moral message can be conveyed directly by character of figures, and conveyed indirectly that message just implicit. Moral is one of theme form in a simple shape, but not all theme is moral (Kenny 1996:89)


Chapter Three
Discussion

Plot:
Exposition;
At midnight, Tom & Huck sneak into graveyard. Once there, they hear people coming and hide. Dr. Robinson arrives with Injun Joe, an evil criminal & Muff Potter. They are stealing bodies from the grave the men argue. Muff Potter is knocking out and Injun Joe murders Dr. Robinson. Tom and Huck run away, fearing for their live. When Muff Potter awakes, Injun Joe tells him that he not Injun Joe murdered the doctor.

Raising Action;
Tom & Huck show Injun Joe murder Dr. Robinson. Scared, swear never tell anyone what they saw. However, Tom is bothered by the event and begins to have night mares.

Climax;
Soon enough, that ends; just in time for Muff Potter’s trial to begin Tom is still wracked with guilt about letting Muff take the blame for Injun Joe’s crime. He goes again oath & confesses what he knows to the defense attorney. He testifies in court, and Muff is freed, but not before Injun Joe escapes.

Failing Action;
Becky return to town and all the children (except Huck) go on a picnic to Mc Douglas cave while exploring, Tom & Becky get lose and left.

Conclusion;
Judge Thatcher has the door to cave sealed. When Tom find out, he tells the Judge that Injun Joe is inside but they arrive too late, and Injun Joe has starved to death.

Setting:
Place :
St. Petersburg, graveyard, haunted house, church, court, school, Mc Douglas cave, Becky’s house.
Time :
1800, summer, midnight.

Social Condition:
Moral and social maturation (As Tom begins to take initiative to help others instead of himself, he shows his increasing maturity.

Social Hypocrisy (The novel shows that adult existence is more similar to childhood existence that it might seem.

Point of View: writer as the second man.

Character:
Tom Sawyer:
Dynamic, mischievous, adventurer, active. He has an active imagination, and gets into trouble a lot. He is born to be a leader, and very head strong. Through out the book he goes to many adventures that change him.
Aunt Polly:
Monotony. Aunt Polly is religious but kindhearted. Although she fights with Tom a lot, she loves him very much and cares for his well being.
Joe Harper:
Monotony.
Becky Thatcher:
Static, main, spirited, beautiful girl
Widow Douglas:
Rich person
Huckleberry Finn:
The son of the town drank and wild boy. He doesn’t go to school, church, and any other social function.
Injun Joe:
Antagonist, hateful, cruel. The villain of the book, he is half-Indian & hateful (A criminal who steals & murders without a thought.
Judge Thatcher: Important judge.

Dr. Robinson:
Antagonist forced. A young doctor who stolen bodies from graves, until he is murdered one night by Injun Joe.
Muff Potter:
Antagonist, static, monotony, peripheral.


Theme
The Common theme of novel Tom Sawyer is friendship.

Message:
The moral messages which be found in this novel are:
1) Value of friendship
2) Criminal action is not good example for our life.


Chapter Four
Conclusion

Novel of Tom Sawyer tell about the friendship of Tom Sawyer. Tom Sawyer is a naughty boy. He and Huckleberry Finn went to graveyard. They saw Dr Robinson is murdered by Injun Joe. Injun Joe knew about Tom and Huck, and then catches them. Tom and Huck promised that they will never tell the case to anyone.

Tom and Huck ran away, and then Tom tells the murder. Becky return to town and all the children (except Huck) go on a picnic to Mc Douglas cave while exploring, Tom & Becky get lose and left. Judge Thatcher has the door to cave sealed. When Tom find out, he tells the Judge that Injun Joe is inside but they arrive too late, and Injun Joe has starved to death.

Bibliography

Setianingsih, Nani. 2003. A Paper “The Intrinsic Analysis to the Novel A Murder Is Announced by Agatha Christie. Foreign School Language Sebelas April Sumedang.
Twain, Mark. 1997. Tom Sawyer. Bridlington: Peter Haddock Ltd.
www.wikipedia.com